The physical layer, being the lowest level of the communication stack, has increasingly been recognised as a locus for both encryption and error correction. Physical ...

Carbon code is different, says Svore. “We do not consider the Carbon code to be an LDPC code,” she says. Technically, Carbon code is a stabilizer code of the Calderbank-Shor-Steane variety, which is a ...

If you’ve ever sent a text message, played a CD, or stored a file in the cloud, you’ve benefited from error correction. This revolutionary idea dates back to the ...

The number and volume of warnings about a post-quantum cryptography (PQC) world are rising, as governments, banks, and other entities prepare for a rash of compromised data and untrustworthy digital ...

In December 2024, a team at Google published a result in Nature that physicists had been chasing for nearly three decades: a ...

The same codes needed to thwart errors in quantum computers may also give the fabric of space-time its intrinsic robustness. Unlike binary bits of information in ordinary computers, “qubits” consist ...

Quantum computers are largely theoretical devices that could perform some computations exponentially faster than conventional computers can. Crucial to most designs ...

Surface code: illustration of how error correction works for bit and phase flips. The measure qubits on light blue backgrounds check for phase flip errors while the ...